These are articles published in journals by academic staff ir.bowen.edu.ng:8181/jspui/handle/123456789/403 2026-04-04T08:30:59Z 2026-04-04T08:30:59Z Omotor, D. G. Osakede, U. A. ir.bowen.edu.ng:8181/jspui/handle/123456789/1112 2023-04-26T23:59:15Z 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Is there a life expectancy Preston Hypothesis for Africa? Authors: Omotor, D. G.; Osakede, U. A. Abstract: Background: The inconclusive evidence surrounding the Preston hypothesis and scarcity of findings in Africa motivated the focus of this study. This paper examined the Preston hypothesis for all countries in Africa, over the period 1960-2018. Findings are shown for the effect of per capita income and income-proxy variables on life expectancy. Methods: Using a two-way fixed effect model, bivariate and multivariate regression were used to determine the strength of income and its proxy variables in explaining health. The direction of causality between income and health was also examined using the Dumitrescu & Hurlin (DH) panel granger causality test. The data used were sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI) provided by the World Bank. Findings: The study revealed the existence of the Preston hypothesis but only in the bivariate model. Findings showed stronger effect of the proportion of Investment to GDP ratio than per capita income and other income proxy variables in explaining life expectancy. The multivariate result also showed stronger effect of investment to GDP ratio, immunization rate and fertility rate on life expectancy than per capita income and proxy variables for income. The DH test revealed reverse causality between per capita income and life expectancy. Conclusion: There is weak evidence of the existence of the Preston Hypothesis in Africa. The gains in life expectancy are largely attributed to investment, immunization and fertility rate than per capita income. Efforts to improve health in Africa should give top priority to raising investment, increase in immunization rate and reduction in fertility rate. This focus should rank high in policy maker’s agenda.

2021-01-01T00:00:00Z Osakede, U. A. Lawanson, A. O. Sobowale, D. A. ir.bowen.edu.ng:8181/jspui/handle/123456789/1111 2023-04-26T23:52:22Z 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Entrepreneurial interest and academic performance in Nigeria: evidence from undergraduate students in the University of Ibadan Authors: Osakede, U. A.; Lawanson, A. O.; Sobowale, D. A. Abstract: Entrepreneurial interest among the youth population is a panacea for unemployment especially due to high turnout of educated individuals in the labour force. This paper provides findings on the factors that determine entrepreneurship interest among the youth population in Nigeria using the University of Ibadan as a case study. Empirical results on whether engagement in entrepreneurial activities interferes with academic performance; extent of involvement and gender differences are also presented. The logit and multinomial logit models were used to examine the factors that influence entrepreneurship interest and interference with academic performance, respectively. Descriptive statistics and the T test were employed in examining the extent of involvement and whether there is a statistically significant difference across gender. The results showed that subjective norm, perceived behavioural control and family business background significantly predicts students’ interest in entrepreneurship. Engagement in entrepreneurial activity has no significant effect on students’ academic performance. Findings suggest relatively low entrepreneurial engagement among students with significant differences across gender.

2017-01-01T00:00:00Z Osakede, U. A. Adenikinju, O. O. ir.bowen.edu.ng:8181/jspui/handle/123456789/1110 2023-04-26T23:47:40Z 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Trade liberalization and manufacturing sector performance: Evidence from the Economic Community of West African States Authors: Osakede, U. A.; Adenikinju, O. O. Abstract: The relationship between trade liberalization and industrial sector performance is ambiguous from both the theoretical and empirical points of view. More so, studies have linked trade liberalization with economic growth and sectoral performance; yet, efforts to situate findings on industrial activity within trade blocs especially in Africa are scarce in the literature. This is particularly important, as the African Union has taken a major step to boost regional trade and economic integration by establishing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA). In this paper, the effect of trade liberalization on manufacturing value added for countries in the ECOWAS using data from the World Development Indicators (2019) and the CEPII data base was examined. Findings are shown for the period of the ECOWAS treaty, 1975 to 2019 and the non ECOWAS and ECOWAS period 1960 to 2019. Estimates were provided using the fixed (controlling for country and time effects) and random effects models. Findings showed that trade liberalization measured by openness and export taxes led to improvement in manufacturing value added. Interestingly, increase in import tariff rate as a measure of trade liberalization had unexpected positive effect on manufacturing value added. Additional findings noted were associated improvements in manufacturing sector performance with population increase and fall in the real exchange rate. No significant differences were found in the result for both periods considered in the study. Empirical findings of the study support theoretical propositions that trade liberalization can lead to improved industrial sector performance with specific reference to the African region. The evidence lends support to the potential of AfCFTA in promoting industrial sector performance and sustainable development in Africa.

2022-01-01T00:00:00Z Adenikinju, O. O. Osakede, U. A. ir.bowen.edu.ng:8181/jspui/handle/123456789/1100 2023-04-26T16:01:04Z 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

Title: Per capita income and health outcome convergence in the Economic Community of West African States Authors: Adenikinju, O. O.; Osakede, U. A. Abstract: Whether trade policy agreements within Africa lead to income and also health outcome convergence is unknown. The role of governance quality in this regard is also not commonly explored. Using data from the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), this study provides empirical evidence to find out whether countries within the ECOWAS trade bloc exhibit convergence in per capita income and health with focus on the role of governance quality. Data were obtained from the World Development Indicators and World Governance Indicators provided by the World Bank. Estimates are presented using the Generalized Method of Moments and the Pooled Least Squares. The results showed existence of â-convergence in per capita income and health with faster rates in income relative to health. There were also indications of ó-convergence in health outcome except for life expectancy. ó-convergence results however, showed divergence in per capita income. The results suggest strong influence of governance quality in attaining convergence not only for per capita income but also health outcome. Findings for convergence, strongly suggest that economic policy agreements in developing economies such as those of the ECOWAS engender sustainable development in income and health. Policy focus on improving economic performance in Africa should pursue actions that encourage trade bloc operations within the region. Efforts should also be targeted at improving the quality of governance.

2020-01-01T00:00:00Z